In Germany, taxes and levies on electricity are three and a half times higher than those on gas. This contributes to the fact that fewer heat pumps are used in Germany than in many other European countries.
By Malte Kreutzfeldt
The heating transition is a central component of German energy and climate policy. It includes the transition from fossil fuels to renewable and climate-neutral heat sources. In view of the German government's ambitious climate targets, the ongoing electrification of the heating sector and new legal requirements, politics, business and society are facing major challenges. Read all about the latest developments in the heating transition, its impact on the industry and the role of the German Association of Energy and Water Industries (BDEW) from the Table.Briefings editorial team. What is the heating transition? The heating transition refers to the conversion of the heating supply to renewable energies and efficient technologies. Accounting for around 50% of total final energy consumption in Germany, the heating sector is a key driver of the energy transition. To date, heat generation in Germany is still heavily based on fossil fuels such as natural gas and oil. The German government is aiming to make the heat supply climate-neutral by 2045. This requires massive investment in infrastructure, technologies and political framework conditions. Heat transition in industry The heat transition poses particular challenges for industry. Around two thirds of industrial energy consumption is accounted for by process heat, most of which has so far come from fossil sources. Sectors such as the chemical, steel and cement industries require high temperatures, which are difficult to replace with renewable energies.solutions for the decarbonization of industry: The role of the BDEW in the heating transition The German Association of Energy and Water Industries ( BDEW ) is a key player in shaping the heating transition. The association is committed to a transformation of the heating sector that is open to all technologies and economically viable. The BDEW's key demands include Heat Transition Act A key regulatory milestone is the new Heat Transition Act, which the German government has launched. It contains comprehensive measures to drive forward the transformation of the heating supply: Challenges and criticism of the heating transition Despite the ambitious plans, there are numerous challenges: International significance of the heating transition The heating transition is not just a national issue, but also has international relevance. Many European countries are increasingly relying on renewable energies for their heating supply. The Scandinavian countries in particular are pioneers in the use of district heating from sustainable sources. Germany can benefit from this experience and exploit synergies in European energy policy. Digitalization and the heating transition The heating transition is often neglected in public perception, but digitalization plays a decisive role here. By using smart control systems and artificial intelligence, heating energy can be used more efficiently. Building management systems make it possible to optimize and individually adjust energy consumption, and digital twins of heating networks support operating costs. Future prospects for the heating transition In the coming years, the heating transition will experience a significant acceleration. Technological innovations and legal reforms will play a decisive role in this. The integration of hydrogen, the further development of heat pump technology and the expansion of the storage infrastructure are key factors for a successful transformation. The heating transition requires close cooperation between politics, business and society. Importance of the heating transition for consumers The heating transition also entails far-reaching changes for private households. Replacing fossil fuel heating systems with heat pumps or district heating requires forward-looking planning and financial investment. Subsidy programs are intended to help reduce costs for consumers. The energy efficiency of buildings also plays a decisive role: improved insulation standards and smart heating systems can significantly reduce heating requirements and save costs in the long term. The heating transition as an opportunity for new business models The transformation of the heating sector is creating new business models for companies. Contracting models, in which service providers offer heat as a service, are becoming increasingly important. Decentralized energy generation, for example through solar thermal energy in combination with heat storage systems, also offers innovative opportunities. Companies that invest in sustainable heat supply at an early stage can benefit from this development in the long term. The heating transition is a central component of German climate policy and requires close cooperation between politics, business and society. Industry in particular faces major challenges that can only be overcome with innovative technologies and targeted support measures. BDEW is committed to finding practicable solutions to successfully implement the heating transition. The Heat Transition Act creates the regulatory framework to accelerate the transformation process. Nevertheless, its implementation represents a challenge that will be crucial to achieving the climate targets in the coming years.
