According to industry figures, the growth of photovoltaics in the EU has slowed this year and needs further political support in order to safely achieve the European expansion targets. The Commission is dampening hopes for rapid legislative changes.
By Manuel Berkel
In the hot phase of the Bundestag election campaign, Agora Energiewende's Head of Germany, Simon Müller, is leaving the think tank. The think tank's Head of Europe, Matthias Buck, is also making way for a successor.
By Bernhard Pötter
To achieve the EU climate targets, the industrial heat supply must also be decarbonized. So far, fossil fuels still dominate. But a new report shows that electrification is technologically possible. And a research project aims to revolutionize the use of industrial waste heat.
By Lukas Knigge
Beijing has once again prevented Taiwan from participating in the World Climate Conference this year. Taipei is nevertheless trying to live up to its responsibility as a leading economic nation and is pursuing ambitious climate targets with German support.
By Malte Kreutzfeldt
Top French economist Jean Pisani-Ferry warns against making costly concessions to Marine Le Pen in the budget dispute. In an interview, he warns that the limited financial leeway of national governments and the EU is jeopardizing the green restructuring of the economy and society.
By Till Hoppe
China is in the midst of its decarbonization. Progress has been made in electricity, transport and steel. However, energy consumption continues to grow rapidly and the chemical sector's new focus on coal is undermining progress. What Chinese experts say and why the new NDC could hold surprises.
By Nico Beckert
Energy Commissioner-designate Dan Jørgensen has secured the clear approval of the EU Parliament. At his hearing, he declared lower energy prices to be his priority, but without being specific.
By Manuel Berkel
China's leading solar companies suffered dramatic losses in the first half of the year despite continued high demand. This is the first time that the sector has bottomed out in a completely market-driven environment. A reorientation of the companies is urgently needed.
By Christiane Kuehl
The German wind power industry fears market distortions from Chinese competitors. One of them is now looking for a production site in Europe – including in Germany.
By Amelie Richter
Russian gas is still flowing into the EU. However, Energy Commissioner Simson is urging companies across the EU to do without it. There are no sanctions "yet", she said.
By Alex Veit
China's energy supply is of global importance because of its high emissions. The People's Republic consumes 29 percent of the electricity produced worldwide. Table.Media's editorial team has all the news on China's energy supply and energy policy.
China's energy mix is dominated by thermal generation. 68 percent of electricity comes from fossil fuel combustion. Nuclear power accounted for about five percent of China's electricity mix in 2020. Although the share of electricity from renewable sources is currently only a good quarter, production in this sector is growing.
In total, China generated around 7,623 terawatt hours of electricity in 2020. Renewable sources accounted for 27 percent. Hydropower has the largest share at 18 percentage points, followed by wind power (six percent) and solar (five percent). Five percent of the electricity comes from nuclear power. China's largest source of energy is coal-fired power. Around 60 percent of the electricity generated comes from it.
In 2020, there was 6,752 terawatt hours of electricity consumption in China. If, electricity consumption decreased globally by 1.1 percent due to the Corona crisis, it increased by 300 terrawatt-hours in China in the same year. The People's Republic is responsible for about 29 percent of global electricity consumption. However, the country produced more electricity than it consumed in 2020 - about 0.24 megawatts per capita. This is another reason why China retains enough electricity for export. In 2019, 18.9 billion kilowatt-hours went abroad.
The energy in China is central to the economy of the People's Republic. 38 percent of China's economic output comes from the energy-intensive industrial and construction sectors. In countries like Japan and the U.S., the figure is only 20 to 25 percent. Within this sector, business areas with high energy consumption and CO2 emissions such as the steel, cement, aluminum, petroleum and chemical industries lead the way. Just how dependent the Chinese economy is on the energy sector was demonstrated by the energy crisis in the summer of 2021, a time when the industry's demand for electricity was particularly high as it had to compensate for shortfalls from the Corona crisis. At the same time, the Chinese Communist Party had ordered CO2 emissions to be reduced. Local governments therefore had to ration high-emission electricity. Cell phone networks failed, private houses remained dark, even factories had to stop production at times.
Due to the dependence of China's energy sector on coal-fired power, the price of electricity depends on the price of coal. In 2021, the price of coal increased by 150 percent to 1,500 yuan per ton (about 208 euros). However, because electricity prices are regulated by the state, it was no longer worthwhile for many power plants to produce, which is why they curbed production. The National Development and Reform Commission therefore reformed the electricity price on the one hand and established a mechanism for determining the price of coal on the other. In addition, the Chinese government has expanded coal production. The production capacity of the mines has been increased by 55 percent, which should push the price of coal down to around 1,200 yuan. The background to this is that electricity consumption increases in winter, but power plants were unable to build up stocks during the expensive summer. Electricity prices in China for end consumers vary widely due to various factors. In 2019 - the last time before the Corona and energy crises - industrial companies in Beijing paid between €0.03 and €0.19 per kilowatt hour. The price for residential consumers was between 0.06 and 0.10 euros. For business, the price depends mainly on the region, industrial sector, time of use and total consumption. Private households benefit from subsidies in the form of favorable feed-in tariffs for electricity producers.
In 2060, China wants to operate CO2 neutral. Then, only greenhouse gases that are compensated elsewhere may be emitted. A change of direction in China's energy policy is therefore inevitable. The Communist Party plans for the country's CO2 emissions to peak by 2030. After that, it is to be continuously reduced through the energy turnaround and the restructuring of the economy. China's energy turnaround would also be important for the country's desired independence. Despite enormous coal reserves, China is dependent on imports of various raw materials such as gas and coal.
The energy supply in China is mainly based on fossil fuels and - if the Communist Party wants to achieve climate neutrality by 2060 - needs to be transformed. That is why the massive promotion of solar, hydro and wind power is planned. China has increased the amount of electricity generated by solar and wind power more than tenfold in the past decade, but its electricity demand has grown even faster. This is mainly due to the extremely energy-intensive industry in China. After all, the People's Republic has managed to double its economic output in the same period, while at the same time keeping CO2 emissions stable. Economic growth and emissions were thus largely decoupled. Nevertheless, the Communist Party is also planning to dismantle these sectors. It sees the country's future in the high-tech industry.
Because of its high CO2 emissions, China's energy policy is of global importance. A targeted environmental policy and sustainable structural change is in the interest of all countries. Therefore the editorial staff of Table.Media brings all news about China's energy supply in German and English.
